Alpacas are relatively new to  1st world countries and because of this there is not a lot of medical research on alpacas. All medications that are given to alpacas are on an 'off label' basis, that is, there is only anecdotal evidence on usage of that drug in alpacas and there have been no studies to establish safety or side effects in use on these products in alpacas.

Alpacas are friendly and curious creatures that make great pets. Adult alpacas can grow to 50-90kgs and can reach between 76-104cms tall at the wether. The animals should be handled regularly and can be halter and lead trained. They are herd animals and  should have at least one companion. They breathe almost solely through their noses, therefore make sure not to block their nostrils. Seek veterinary advice if there is a heavy discharge from their nose.

An alpaca can be caught and restrained by holding it with one hand around the neck, just below the head and restraining the neck against your body. It can be helpful to push the body gently against a sturdy fence or wall. Make sure to move slowly and gently. Alpacas are known to vocalise, spit or lay down (cushed position) when stressed or irritated. Make sure to face their mouth away from yours.

Alpacas do not require high glucose diets and prefer high fibre diets. Concentrates should be given as supplemental feeding, mainly in breeding individuals. There are good commercial concentrate feeds available for camelids. Mineral supplementations, such as selenium, should be considered if living in a pasture/soil deficient area or if blood analysis demonstrates a deficiency.

Worming:

Alpacas can suffer with many parasite burdens like cattle and sheep and therefore should also follow a worming protocol. It may however be useful to have your local vet complete a faecal egg count to determine the worm burden of your alpacas prior to worming. Along with this, periodic screening for fluke eggs is recommended.

Vaccinations:

Vitamins A, D&E are commonly given as alpacas often suffer from these vitamin deficiencies. It is recommended that all alpacas under the age of two and pregnant individuals should be given subcutaneous or intramuscular vitamin D injections.

The crias should also be vaccinated against clostridial disease

Reproduction:

The gestation length of alpacas is 11 months. They are non seasonal breeders and can breed all year round. Parturition (termed unpacking), most commonly occurs between 7am and 2pm and should not occur after dark. It is recommended to breed the female when she is greater than 12 months old and greater than 65% of her estimated fully grown body weight. Puberty in males varies from 1-3 years of age.

Crias (baby alpacas) are 6.5-8kgs when they are born. Check the mother for milk as they require colostrum ingestion within the first 24-48 hours of their life. They should be able to walk within 2-4hours. If they are unable to suckle mum, you will need to supplement them with a total milk replacer and a source of colostrum. Crias are usually weaned at six months of age.

Castrations are routine surgery.